The World Cup qualifying stage has become a flashpoint for European protests related to Israel, reflecting broader geopolitical tensions. Football matches, typically a source of national pride and unity, are now also venues for expressing solidarity with Palestine and condemning Israeli policies. These demonstrations raise complex questions about the intersection of sports and politics, and the responsibilities of governing bodies like FIFA and UEFA.
Recent World Cup qualifying matches involving Israel have been marked by visible and vocal protests. During Israel's match against Norway in Oslo, hundreds of pro-Palestinian demonstrators gathered to voice their support for Palestine and protest against what they described as Israel's "genocide" in Gaza. The demonstrators chanted "Free Palestine" and waved Palestinian flags. Some protesters displayed banners with slogans such as "Red Card to Israel," "Exclude Israel from International Football," and "Let the Children Live".
The protests extended beyond the stadium. Prior to the match in Oslo, a march involving over a thousand people took place, growing to approximately 1,500 along the route to Ullevaal Stadium. Red cards were distributed among attendees. There were reports of clashes between some demonstrators and the police, leading to the use of tear gas and several arrests.
Similar protests have occurred in other European countries. In Italy, fans protested the Israeli national anthem by turning their backs during a World Cup qualifier in September. Last week in London, protesters gathered in front of Wembley Stadium, chanting slogans such as "Kick Israel out of FIFA," "Justice for Palestine," "Boycott Israel," and "Long live a free Palestine". These protesters called on the English Football Association to support a ban on Israel by UEFA and FIFA. Furthermore, the slogan "Show Israel the Red Card" has gained popularity among Palestine sympathizers at various games across Europe.
These protests put FIFA and UEFA in a difficult position. Both organizations have regulations prohibiting political statements at football matches. FIFA rules state that "political, ideological, offensive or discriminatory slogans, banners, symbols or acts" are not allowed inside stadiums. UEFA prohibits the promotion of political messages inside or in the immediate vicinity of the stadium. Violations can lead to sanctions, including fines, stadium closures, and even match forfeits.
However, applying these rules consistently is challenging. FIFA has faced criticism for perceived double standards, particularly when comparing its response to displays of support for Palestine with its actions regarding other political statements. FIFA defines what constitutes a 'political' slogan, statement, or image on a case-by-case basis.
Some argue that banning Israel from international competition is necessary to hold the nation accountable for its actions. Lise Klaveness, the head of the Norwegian Football Association, stated she was pushing "for Israel to be sanctioned," drawing a parallel to the exclusion of Russia following the war in Ukraine. However, FIFA has not taken such action against Israel. FIFA President Gianni Infantino appealed for protesters to remain calm ahead of Israel's recent World Cup qualifying matches, emphasizing that "everyone should support" peace negotiations.
The situation is further complicated by the fact that some Israeli football clubs are located in occupied Palestinian territory, a violation of FIFA rules. Despite this, UEFA and FIFA have not enforced these rules, leading to accusations of political bias.
The rise in protests at World Cup qualifiers highlights the increasing politicization of sports. While FIFA and UEFA aim to maintain neutrality, the line between sports and politics is becoming increasingly blurred. The challenge for these organizations is to navigate these complex issues while upholding their regulations and maintaining the integrity of the game.
